Executive Summary

Despite trends toward remote working, buildings, such as offices and specialist facilities, remain fundamental to organizations of all sizes, industries, and geographic regions. Evaluating their operational costs, including energy use and facilities management, is therefore critical. By implementing Siemens’ Building X digital building platform, organizations may be able to reduce energy consumption, improve facilities management efficiency, better manage related data, and minimize waste and disruption. As a result, organizations may decrease the operational costs associated with their buildings portfolio, support business growth, reduce their environmental footprint and improve the employee/occupant experience.

Siemens’ Building X is a cloud-based autonomous buildings platform that runs applications to enhance organizations’ building operations management. It acts as a centralized repository for managing data captured across an organization’s portfolio of buildings and supports a range of use cases, notably energy and sustainability, operations and management, space maintenance/optimization, workplace experience, and safety and security.

Siemens commissioned Forrester Consulting to conduct a Total Economic Impact™ (TEI) study and examine the potential return on investment (ROI) enterprises may realize by deploying Building X.1 The purpose of this study is to provide readers with a framework to evaluate the potential financial impact of Building X on their organization’s building portfolio.

176%

Return on investment (ROI)

 

€206K

Net present value (NPV)

 

To better understand the benefits, costs, and risks associated with this investment, Forrester interviewed four decision-makers with experience using Building X. For the purposes of this study, Forrester aggregated the experiences of the interviewees and combined the results into a single composite organization, which is a healthcare organization with two hospitals, one office building, and 6,000 employees.

Interviewees said that prior to using Building X, their organizations had high energy consumption costs, were inefficient to operate from facilities management and data reporting perspectives, and were prone to operational disruption and waste. However, prior attempts to address these challenges yielded limited success, leaving them with high operational costs.

After the investment in Building X, the interviewees reported improved energy efficiency, reduced facilities management and data reporting effort, and minimized waste.

Key Findings

Quantified benefits. Quantified benefits for the composite organization include:

  • Reduced energy consumption of 5% to 15%. The energy management use case helps identify opportunities to reduce consumption, for instance by better managing HVAC systems, energy use, and critical equipment. The composite organization makes significant reductions in its energy consumption, reducing costs by €196,835 as a three-year, risk-adjusted present value.

  • Increased facilities management efficiency by 10% to 15%. Facilities management personnel save time by accessing and checking information remotely, reducing the need to always access building systems locally. Furthermore, better equipment management and proactive maintenance reduces the issues that facilities management have to address.

  • Gained data management and reporting efficiencies of 50%. With all data across all buildings on a single platform, there are significant time savings in accessing, collecting, and consolidating data. Reporting and analytics becomes much easier and faster, not only saving time but also facilitating improved governance of compliance and sustainability initiatives.

  • Reduced waste of 5% to 10%. With better buildings management, any issues with respect to temperature, humidity, or other environmental conditions are reported and dealt with quickly. Due to these features, the composite avoids costs from its medical supplies going to waste. It also reduces the impact of leaks, electrical faults, and other disruptive issues.

Unquantified benefits. Benefits that provide value for the composite organization but are not quantified for this study include:

  • Flexibility in the adoption journey. The composite chooses how to adopt Building X optimally given its specific circumstances. It can optimize the order of planning and implementation in specific buildings and use cases, therefore increasing overall value and ROI.

  • Improved sustainability posture. Having access to better energy consumption data improves the composite’s sustainability positioning. Furthermore, reducing energy use reduces its overall environmental footprint.

  • Increased commercial value of buildings. The value of the composite’s commercial buildings increases when it reduces operational costs, and captured data is more readily available, making the composite’s buildings more attractive to potential tenants and investors.

  • Improved employee experience. Facilities management roles at the composite become easier by investing in Building X. Manual tasks are avoided and it is easier for facilities management personnel to access information, identify issues, and address them quickly.

Costs. Three-year, risk-adjusted PV costs for the composite organization include:

  • Building X subscription and services fees of €56,129. The subscription and services fee for Building X is charged by the number and size of the buildings and the scope of the different services implemented.

  • Implementation and connectivity costs of €61,145. There is a cost associated with onboarding, connecting, and setting up new buildings. This cost depends on the size of the building, the type of legacy equipment (e.g., whether Siemens or non-Siemens), the associated services, and the use cases to be included.

The financial analysis that is based on the interviews found that a composite organization experiences benefits of €323,000 over three years versus costs of €117,000, adding up to a net present value (NPV) of €206,000 and an ROI of 176%.

Driving Value Growth With Building X

The composite achieves a steep growth curve over its three-year implementation of Building X, which includes:

  • Year 1. Onboarding the office building with efficiency and operations and maintenance use cases.

  • Year 2. Onboarding the two hospital buildings with the same use cases as the office building.

  • Year 3. Implementing the critical room monitoring use case in the two hospitals.

Total annual benefits (risk-adjusted)

[CHART DIV CONTAINER]
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Reduced energy costs
Facilities management and maintenance efficiencies
Data and reporting efficiencies
Reduced medical supply waste

€150,000

Year 3 energy cost reduction

“Humidity drift used to go unnoticed until it caused problems. Now, we can act early and avoid losing valuable medical supplies.”

System facilities operations director, healthcare

“Improved control of lighting schedules reduces unnecessary energy use, and the early leak detection can prevent tens to hundreds of thousands of dollars in damage from a single incident.”

Director of facilities, education

Key Statistics

176%

Return on investment (ROI) 

€323K

Benefits PV 

€206K

Net present value (NPV) 

<6 months

Payback 

Benefits (Three-Year)

[CHART DIV CONTAINER]
Reduced energy costs Facilities management and maintenance efficiencies Data and reporting efficiencies Reduced medical supply waste

The Siemens Building X Customer Journey

Drivers leading to the Building X investment

Interviews

Role Industry Region In-scope buildings Domain/use cases
Energy and sustainability expert Real estate Europe 8 Energy and sustainability
Radiologist Healthcare Europe 6 Energy and sustainability, operations, and maintenance
System facilities operations director Healthcare USA 3 Fire, operations, and maintenance
Director of facilities Education USA 1 Fire alarms, operations and maintenance, critical room monitoring

Key Challenges

Prior to deploying Building X, interviewees relied on legacy building management systems, manual monitoring, and spreadsheet-based processes across facilities. Critical environmental conditions, energy usage, and performance data were fragmented across systems, limiting visibility and requiring significant manual effort from facilities and compliance teams.

Interviewees noted how their organizations struggled with common challenges, including:

  • High and inefficient energy consumption. Hospitals, offices, and other large buildings consume a lot of energy on various systems including HVAC, lighting, IT, and critical equipment, which often run continuously regardless of actual demand. Without detailed monitoring, the interviewees’ organizations lacked visibility into nonproductive energy use, resulting in excess consumption, higher costs, and missed opportunities to optimize performance.

  • Manual and time-intensive data collection and reporting. Facilities and sustainability teams relied on spreadsheets, emails, and manual input to collect performance and compliance data across buildings. In hospital environments, this required ongoing manual effort to track conditions for regulatory reporting and audits. These processes were time-consuming, error-prone, and increasingly unsustainable as reporting requirements expanded. Facilities management spent a lot of time accessing data directly from buildings systems. In some cases, there was not enough data to help find root causes of issues, resulting in additional lost time.

  • Costly downtime, disruptions, and waste. Interviewees shared that the buildings their organizations operated were insufficiently managed and maintenance was largely reactive. This resulted in unexpected disruptions, building downtime, additional costs because of damages, and waste (e.g., medical supplies, historical artifacts).

“Without automated data, we spent weeks chasing information. Now, Building X consolidates everything and eliminates that manual effort.”

Energy and sustainability expert, real estate

Composite Organization

Based on the interviews, Forrester constructed a TEI framework, a composite company, and an ROI analysis that illustrates the areas financially affected. The composite organization is representative of the interviewees’ organizations, and it is used to present the aggregate financial analysis in the next section. The composite organization has the following characteristics:

  • Description of composite. The composite is a large North American-based healthcare organization with operations across three facilities. It has €250 million in annual revenue and employs approximately 6,000 people across three buildings, including one administrative office and two hospitals.

    • The office is medium-to-large in size (~8,000m²), accommodating 1,000 employees. Total energy costs amount to €120,000 annually, and the HVAC systems are from Siemens.
    • There are two hospital buildings, each with approximately 500 patient beds and 2,500 employees. Each hospital operates five MRI and five CT scanners (20 scanners in total). Total energy costs amount to €2.8 million across the two hospitals, €130,000 of which is for operating the scanners. The HVAC systems are not provided by Siemens.

  • Deployment characteristics. Initially, Building X is only implemented in the office building for energy management and operations and maintenance use cases. Building X is therefore only operational for the office building in Year 1. From the beginning of Year 2, it is also operational in the two hospital buildings, initially also for energy and buildings automation management. From Year 3, the critical room monitoring use case is also added in the two hospital buildings.

 KEY ASSUMPTIONS

  • €250 million revenue

  • 6,000 employees

  • Healthcare industry

  • Three buildings (one office, two hospitals)

Analysis Of Benefits

Quantified benefit data as applied to the composite

Total Benefits

Ref. Benefit Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Total Present Value
Atr Reduced energy costs €10,200 €90,950 €149,600 €250,750 €196,835
Btr Facilities management and maintenance efficiencies €7,517 €22,550 €33,826 €63,893 €50,884
Ctr Data and reporting efficiencies €6,811 €20,434 €20,434 €47,678 €38,431
Dtr Reduced medical supply waste €0 €16,000 €32,000 €48,000 €37,265
  Total benefits (risk-adjusted) €24,528 €149,934 €235,859 €410,321 €323,415

Reduced Energy Costs

Evidence and data. The largest benefit of adopting Building X, accounting for more than 60% of the total quantified value, is the reduction in energy use. All four interviewees highlighted substantial energy cost savings, primarily by implementing the energy efficiency use case with Energy Manager and Operations Manager, but also by better managing high energy use systems such as HVAC and scanners (used in healthcare) with Asset Power Monitoring.

  • The system facilities operations director in the healthcare industry said: “We’re identifying $50,000 to $100,000 in annual energy savings, driven by analytics that highlight inefficiencies and optimize system performance. … We identified various simultaneous heating/cooling faults and optimized variable frequency drive motor behavior.”

  • The director of facilities in the education industry noted, “The reduced HVAC runtime directly lowers electricity and cooling costs.”

  • The radiologist in the healthcare industry said: “We are better able to track energy consumption through the Building X dashboard.”

Modeling and assumptions. In the case of the composite organization, the reduction in energy use has three components:

  • The composite spends €120,000 annually on energy use for its office building; it implements energy use and HVAC maintenance use cases in the office building only, which are live from the beginning of Year 1. These features reduced energy use by 10% in Year 1, and the reductions increase gradually to 15% by Year 3 as additional improvements are made.

  • Electricity for the scanners (MRIs and CTs) in the two hospital buildings costs €130,000 annually. The composite reduces this cost by 30% in Year 2 with better management from Building X, and further improvements bring these reductions to 40% in Year 3.

  • Better energy and HVAC maintenance use cases are implemented in the composite’s two hospital buildings from Year 2, reducing energy costs by 2% in Year 2, growing to 4% in Year 3.

  • The reduced energy consumption ramps up to nearly €150,000 (risk-adjusted) in Year 3.

Risks. It is possible that the impact of this benefit could be lower for an organization like the composite because:

  • Energy use is already very closely monitored, so the impact of the investment could be lower.

  • The cost of energy could be lower.

Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this benefit downward by 15%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of €197,000.

10% to 15%

Annual energy savings

“We achieved around 10% energy savings through some measures that were suggested and implemented accordingly.”

Energy and sustainability expert, real estate

Reduced Energy Costs

Ref. Metric Source Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
A1 Office energy costs (gas and electricity) Composite €120,000 €120,000 €120,000
A2 Office energy consumption reduction (energy and HVAC) Interviews 10% 12.5% 15%
A3 Total hospital scanner energy (electricity) costs Composite €130,000 €130,000 €130,000
A4 Scanner energy consumption reduction Interviews 0% 30% 40%
A5 Hospital building energy costs (gas and electricity, excluding scanners) Composite €2,650,000 €2,650,000 €2,650,000
A6 Hospital energy consumption reduction (energy and HVAC) Interviews 0% 2.0% 4.0%
A7 Office energy cost savings A1*A2 €12,000 €15,000 €18,000
A8 Scanner energy cost savings A3*A4 €0 €39,000 €52,000
A9 Hospital energy cost savings (excluding scanners) A5*A6 0 €53,000 €106,000
At Reduced energy costs A7+A8+A9 €12,000 €107,000 €176,000
  Risk adjustment ↓15%      
Atr Reduced energy costs (risk-adjusted)   €10,200 €90,950 €149,600
Three-year total: €250,750 Three-year present value: €196,835

Facilities Management And Maintenance Efficiencies

Evidence and data. Some interviewees explained that the Building X investment enabled their facilities teams to be more efficient and save time in completing certain tasks. This was largely because it provided facilities managers with remote access to data and report dashboards thanks to Operations Manager and Data Visualizer. Previously, facilities managers received alerts but would have to physically go to the relevant building to access and check the details. Interviewees also described maintenance efficiencies because the system helped identify equipment issues before they failed, which reduced costs for replacements and contingencies.

  • The director of facilities in the education industry said, “Now that we can actually see the data in front of us on our phones, we don’t have to physically come to the building to verify those conditions.”

  • This interviewee continued: “I can’t count how many trips that [Building X] saved me from having to run across town to go and check on the building after hours. … False fire alarms previously occurred three times per month — each afterhours response required overtime at $30 to $40 per hour.”

  • The system facilities operations director in the healthcare industry noted, “Issues can be addressed before reaching critical thresholds.”

Modeling and assumptions. To financially quantify this benefit for the composite organization, Forrester assumes:

  • Before adopting Building X, each building requires half of the time of three facilities FTEs for maintenance and management. This equates to 240 hours per month.

  • There is 10% time saving in Years 1 and 2, increasing to 15% in Year 3 as additional efficiencies and optimizations are implemented.

  • The average fully burdened hourly rate for a facilities manager is €58 (based on a fully burdened annual salary of €120,000).

  • A 50% productivity capture rate was applied: TEI methodology does not assume that all time freed up necessarily goes back to productive use; rather, it can reduce the need for after-hours work.

Risks. It is possible that the impact of this benefit could be lower for an organization like the composite because:

  • The amount of time spent on facilities management and maintenance is lower.

  • The salaries for facilities management employees are lower.

Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this benefit downward by 10%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of €51,000.

10% to 15%

Facilities management time savings

“You’re looking at $30 to $40 an hour just to have someone come and check the building. ... In that aspect alone, it probably paid for itself in six months, just in saved salary and payroll.”

Director of facilities, education

Facilities Management And Maintenance Efficiencies

Ref. Metric Source Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
B1 Monthly buildings management and maintenance time for facilities management (hours per building) Composite 240 240 240
B2 Buildings Composite 1 3 3
B3 Time savings Interviews 10% 10% 15%
B4 Fully burdened hourly rate for a facilities manager €120,000/2,080 €58 €58 €58
B5 Productivity capture rate TEI methodology 50% 50% 50%
Bt Facilities management and maintenance efficiencies B1*B2*B3*B4*B5*12 €8,352 €25,056 €37,584
  Risk adjustment ↓10%      
Btr Facilities management and maintenance efficiencies (risk-adjusted)   €7,517 €22,550 €33,826
Three-year total: €63,893 Three-year present value: €50,884

Data And Reporting Efficiencies

Evidence and data. In addition to the facilities management improvements described in Benefit B, interviewees reported additional data and reporting efficiencies. Building X captures all the data across systems and buildings, making the access, collection, consolidation and reporting of data easier and faster. The Operations Manager and Energy Manager applications provide dashboard information, and with the addition of Critical Space Manager and Data Visualizer, facilities managers have access to detailed buildings data.

  • The energy and sustainability expert in the real estate industry explained: “We had more than 300 buildings and did not know their energy consumption and had to manually enter/collect data before on spreadsheets for more than 400 tenants, which was time-consuming and error-prone. We had no centralized visibility into energy use across our portfolio.”

  • This interviewee continued: “Lots of time was saved with data reporting, a lot of man-days were saved, saving around a month of work per year of work.”

  • The director of facilities in the education industry said, “The centralized visibility across fire and mechanical systems in one platform eliminated the need to access multiple onsite building access system terminals.”

  • The radiologist in the healthcare industry told Forrester that, “Building X helps uncover inefficiencies across systems, allowing teams to optimize operations holistically, not just react to failures.”

  • Interviewees also described avoiding costs related to audit fees. In the case of the real estate organization, this equated to costs associated with collecting sustainability data; for the healthcare organization, it was costs for outside auditors required for compliance purposes.

Modeling and assumptions. This benefit was quantified by assuming the following about the composite:

  • It requires 16 hours of data and reporting time per building per month.

  • The composite has €2,000 of annual audit fees per building.

  • The time required for data collection and reporting can be reduced by 50% following the Building X investment.

  • The fully burdened hourly rate for a facility manager is €58 (based on a fully burdened annual salary of €120,000).

  • A 50% productivity capture rate was applied: TEI methodology does not assume that all time freed up necessarily goes back to productive use, rather it can reduce the need for after-hours work.

  • The third-party auditing service fees can be wholly avoided.

Risks. The impact of this benefit could be lower for an organization like the composite because:

  • The data and reporting effort is initially lower.

  • The auditing fees are initially lower.

  • The facilities management annual salary is lower.

Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this benefit downward by 10%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of €38,000.

€6,000

Annual audit service fees avoidance

“My job is so much easier — what once took hours in spreadsheets is now instant, with clear, actionable data at our fingertips.”

System facilities operations director, healthcare

Data And Reporting Efficiencies

Ref. Metric Source Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
C1 Average monthly time spent on data management and reporting (hours per building) Interviews 16 16 16
C2 Buildings with Building X Composite 1 3 3
C3 Data management and reporting time savings Interviews 50% 50% 50%
C4 Data management and reporting time savings (hours) C1*C2*C3*12 96 288 288
C5 Fully burdened hourly rate for a facilities manager €120,000/2,080 €58 €58 €58
C6 Annual third-party audit support cost avoidance (per building) Interviews €2,000 €2,000 €2,000
C7 Total third-party audit cost avoidance C2*C6 €2,000 €6,000 €6,000
Ct Data and reporting efficiencies (C4*C5)+C7 €7,568 €22,704 €22,704
  Risk adjustment ↓10%      
Ctr Data and reporting efficiencies (risk-adjusted)   €6,811 €20,434 €20,434
Three-year total: €47,678 Three-year present value: €38,431

Reduced Medical Supply Waste

Evidence and data. Some interviewees in the healthcare industry reported reductions in waste and other potential costs following the Building X implementation. They noted that critical room monitoring is an important use case to ensure particular conditions, such as humidity and temperature levels, are maintained in certain spaces. This is enabled by the core functionalities of Critical Space Monitoring, with Data Visualizer providing dashboard overviews. Furthermore, interviewees said that better building automation systems and equipment monitoring could also reduce potentially damaging issues such as leaks, security breaches (in the case of access control use cases), and electrical faults. Beyond healthcare, organizations in other industries may experience slightly different but related benefits, such as reduced building damage or avoided supply waste (e.g., artifacts in a museum).

  • The system facilities operations director in the healthcare industry explained: “We were wasting costs by just throwing away medical supplies because we weren’t proactively monitoring humidity. … This is why it’s been great even from a cost perspective.”

  • The director of facilities in the education industry said, “Early leak detection can prevent tens to hundreds of thousands of dollars in damage from a single incident.”

Modeling and assumptions. This benefit was quantified by making the following assumptions about the composite:

  • The critical room monitoring use case is live in both hospital buildings from the beginning of Year 2.

  • Medical supply spend is €20 million per hospital building.

  • One percent of this is wasted annually, equivalent to €400,000.

  • Five percent of this waste can be avoided following the Building X investment in the first Year of the Critical Room Monitoring use case, increasing to 10% in the following year.

Risks. While the assumptions are conservative, it is possible that this benefit could be lower if:

  • The cost of medical supply waste is lower.

  • Medical supply waste monitoring is already higher, so the reduction impact would be lower.

Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this benefit downward by 20%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of €37,000.

10%

Year 3 reduction in medical supply waste

“Real-time humidity monitoring prevents condensation and avoids throwing away sterile supplies, saving thousands in waste we couldn’t stop before.”

System facilities operations director, healthcare

Reduced Medical Supply Waste

Ref. Metric Source Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
D1 Medical supply expenditure Composite   €40,000,000 €40,000,000
D2 Percentage of medical supplies wasted Composite   1% 1%
D3 Cost of medical supplies wasted D1*D2   €400,000 €400,000
D4 Reduction in medical supply waste from improved maintenance and critical room monitoring Interviews   5% 10%
Dt Reduced medical supply waste D3*D4 €0 €20,000 €40,000
  Risk adjustment ↓20%      
Dtr Reduced medical supply waste (risk-adjusted)   €0 €16,000 €32,000
Three-year total: €48,000 Three-year present value: €37,265

Unquantified Benefits

Interviewees mentioned the following additional benefits that their organizations experienced but were not able to quantify:

  • Improved sustainability posture. All the interviewees’ organizations were better able to collect, report, and validate energy consumption and further demonstrate reductions in electricity and gas use. This enables improved sustainability positioning, which can support business growth, attract investors, reduce noncompliance risks, and reduce the cost of debt. This is primarily driven through Energy Manager.

“Our objectives were to add more value to the buildings and reduce energy costs and also comply with environmental, social, and governance standards.”

Energy and sustainability expert, real estate

  • Increased commercial value of buildings. By reducing operational costs and improving data reporting, Building X can make commercial buildings more attractive to potential customers and/or investors. With lower maintenance and management costs and transparent reporting, landlords can potentially charge more to rent or sell their property. In the case of healthcare-related buildings, the conditions for customers (e.g., patients) are improved, which can also result in better patient outcomes.

“We have seen reduced operational room and critical space disruptions.”

System facilities operations director, healthcare

  • Improved employee experience. In some cases, interviewees shared that the employee experience had improved. “Time is freed up for facilities teams; there is less need for after-hours work and the conditions in buildings are better for everyone.

“My job is so much easier – efficiency and productivity are night and day compared to before.”

System facilities operations director, healthcare

Flexibility

The flexibility and scalability of Building X is a core part of its value proposition since organizations can add additional buildings and use cases, thus increasing overall benefits.

  • Establishing a single data platform across a portfolio of buildings. Different organizations require varying portfolios of buildings to operate. The composite organization has two hospital buildings and a single office. The real estate organization owns multiple offices, hotels, and other commercial properties. One of the two healthcare organizations has multiple treatment facilities including hospitals and care centers. By implementing Building X across a portfolio of different building types, facilities management becomes more efficient, data reporting is easier and faster, and learnings and best practices can be shared. “We have implemented Building X in one building and are planning for at least seven to eight more,” the energy and sustainability expert in the real estate industry said. The director of facilities in the education industry noted, “There are benefits of standardizing on a single platform across our facilities.”

  • Increasing the number of use cases. Building X enables multiple different use cases, which can be added as required following initial implementation and connection, thus increasing value. Interviewees described starting with a particular use case, often energy, and then adding another at no or limited additional implementation cost.

  • Optimizing the adoption journey depending on specific priorities. Every organization is unique and has different requirements, buildings, and priorities. They can choose and optimize how to implement Building X to best suit them, thus maximizing benefits and ROI.

Flexibility would also be quantified when evaluated as part of a specific project (described in more detail in Total Economic Impact Approach).

“We are currently doing upgrades for [building automation] like we did for fire alarms. Potentially we could expand use across full mechanical and energy management systems.”

Director of facilities, education

Analysis Of Costs

Quantified cost data as applied to the composite

Total Costs

Ref. Cost Initial Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Total Present Value
Etr Building X software subscription and services fees €0 €5,250 €32,550 €32,550 €70,350 €56,129
Ftr Implementation and connectivity costs €6,600 €0 €66,000 €0 €72,600 €61,145
  Total costs (risk-adjusted) €6,600 €5,250 €98,550 €32,550 €142,950 €117,274

Building X Software Subscription And Services Fees

Evidence and data. The interviewees shared subscription and services fees related to Building X, which primarily varied by the number and size of buildings as well as service scope. Furthermore, given ongoing relationships and related services, in some cases they were bundled into broader contracts.

Modeling and assumptions. Based on the interviews and guidance from Siemens, Forrester assumes the following about the composite organization and Building X fees:

  • In the case of the office building, the software and services are all implemented in the initial period, so related costs are incurred annually through the three-year period.

  • The annual fees for the office include €4,000 for the software subscription plus €1,000 for services (which cover energy and building automation).

  • In the case of the two hospital buildings, the implementation does not go live until the beginning of Year 2; hence these fees are only incurred in Years 2 and 3.

  • The annual fees across both hospital buildings amount to €21,000 for the subscription and €5,000 for services, which include energy, building automation, and critical room monitoring.

Risks. For an organization like the composite, these fees could vary because:

  • The pricing changes over time.

  • They are part of a larger bundle of services and/or part of a larger overall scope.

Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this cost upward by 5%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of €56,000.

“The Building X licensing is bundled into our overarching Siemens contract.”

System facilities operations director, healthcare

Building X Software Subscription And Services Fees

Ref. Metric Source Initial Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
E1 Office subscription fee Composite €0 €4,000 €4,000 €4,000
E2 Office services fee Composite €0 €1,000 €1,000 €1,000
E3 Hospitals subscription fee Composite €0 0 €21,000 €21,000
E4 Hospitals services fee Composite €0 €0 €5,000 €5,000
Et Building X software subscription and services fees E1+E2+E3+E4 €0 €5,000 €31,000 €31,000
  Risk adjustment ↑5%        
Etr Building X software subscription and services fees (risk-adjusted)   €0 €5,250 €32,550 €32,550
Three-year total: €70,350 Three-year present value: €56,129

Implementation And Connectivity Costs

Evidence and data. The interviewees described varying costs for implementation and connectivity. These depended on various factors including the number, size, and complexity of the buildings, legacy equipment, and infrastructure and the scope of services included. In most cases, Siemens or one of its partners completed the implementation and connectivity. Interviewees highlighted that there was a single implementation cost, which could then be leveraged across multiple use cases. The director of facilities in the education industry said, “This is a foundation for future smart building and sustainability initiatives.”

Modeling and assumptions. Based on the interviews and guidance from Siemens, Forrester assumes the following about the composite organization and the costs relating to implementation and connectivity:

  • As per the composite organization’s specific scope and journey, initially it is only the single office building that is connected to Building X, covering only the energy and building automation services. It is assumed that the HVAC systems in the office are Siemens, so there is less cost for implementing and connecting them, amounting to €6,000.

  • In Year 2, the two hospital buildings are implemented and connected. Given the legacy equipment is non-Siemens and the buildings are larger and more complex, the costs are higher at €30,000 per hospital building.

Risks. The costs of implementation and connectivity could be higher for an organization like the composite because of differences in:

  • Building structure, complexity, and size.

  • Legacy infrastructure and systems.

Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this cost upward by 10%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of €61,000.

€6,000

Implementation and connectivity cost for a medium-size office building

“The fire alarm integration took just one to two days, and there was no system downtime during this period.”

Director of facilities, education

Implementation And Connectivity Costs

Ref. Metric Source Initial Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
F1 Office implementation cost (per office) Composite €6,000 €0 €0 €0
F2 Hospital implementation cost (per hospital) Composite 0 €0 €30,000 €0
F3 Offices Composite 1 0 0 0
F4 Hospitals Composite 0 0 2 0
Ft Implementation and connectivity costs (F1*F3)+(F2*F4) €6,000 €0 €60,000 €0
  Risk adjustment ↑10%        
Ftr Implementation and connectivity costs (risk-adjusted)   €6,600 €0 €66,000 €0
Three-year total: €72,600 Three-year present value: €61,145

Financial Summary

Consolidated Three-Year, Risk-Adjusted Metrics

Cash Flow Chart (Risk-Adjusted)

[CHART DIV CONTAINER]
Total costs Total benefits Cumulative net benefits Initial Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Cash Flow Analysis (Risk-Adjusted)

  Initial Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Total Present Value
Total costs (€6,600) (€5,250) (€98,550) (€32,550) (€142,950) (€117,274)
Total benefits €0 €24,528 €149,934 €235,859 €410,321 €323,415
Net benefits (€6,600) €19,278 €51,384 €203,309 €267,371 €206,141
ROI           176%
Payback           <6 months

 Please Note

The financial results calculated in the Benefits and Costs sections can be used to determine the ROI, NPV, and payback period for the composite organization’s investment. Forrester assumes a yearly discount rate of 10% for this analysis.

These risk-adjusted ROI, NPV, and payback period values are determined by applying risk-adjustment factors to the unadjusted results in each Benefit and Cost section.

The initial investment column contains costs incurred at “time 0” or at the beginning of Year 1 that are not discounted. All other cash flows are discounted using the discount rate at the end of the year. PV calculations are calculated for each total cost and benefit estimate. NPV calculations in the summary tables are the sum of the initial investment and the discounted cash flows in each year. Sums and present value calculations of the Total Benefits, Total Costs, and Cash Flow tables may not exactly add up, as some rounding may occur.

From the information provided in the interviews, Forrester constructed a Total Economic Impact™ framework for those organizations considering an investment in Building X.

The objective of the framework is to identify the cost, benefit, flexibility, and risk factors that affect the investment decision. Forrester took a multistep approach to evaluate the impact that Building X can have on an organization.

Due Diligence

Interviewed Siemens stakeholders and Forrester analysts to gather data relative to Building X.

Interviews

Interviewed four decision-makers at organizations using Building X to obtain data about costs, benefits, and risks.

Composite Organization

Designed a composite organization based on characteristics of the interviewees’ organizations.

Financial Model Framework

Constructed a financial model representative of the interviews using the TEI methodology and risk-adjusted the financial model based on issues and concerns of the interviewees.

Case Study

Employed four fundamental elements of TEI in modeling the investment impact: benefits, costs, flexibility, and risks. Given the increasing sophistication of ROI analyses related to IT investments, Forrester’s TEI methodology provides a complete picture of the total economic impact of purchase decisions. Please see Appendix A for additional information on the TEI methodology.

Total Economic Impact Approach

Benefits

Benefits represent the value the solution delivers to the business. The TEI methodology places equal weight on the measure of benefits and costs, allowing for a full examination of the solution’s effect on the entire organization.

Costs

Costs comprise all expenses necessary to deliver the proposed value, or benefits, of the solution. The methodology captures implementation and ongoing costs associated with the solution.

Flexibility

Flexibility represents the strategic value that can be obtained for some future additional investment building on top of the initial investment already made. The ability to capture that benefit has a PV that can be estimated.

Risks

Risks measure the uncertainty of benefit and cost estimates given: 1) the likelihood that estimates will meet original projections and 2) the likelihood that estimates will be tracked over time. TEI risk factors are based on “triangular distribution.”

Financial Terminology

Present value (PV)

The present or current value of (discounted) cost and benefit estimates given at an interest rate (the discount rate). The PVs of costs and benefits feed into the total NPV of cash flows.

Net present value (NPV)

The present or current value of (discounted) future net cash flows given an interest rate (the discount rate). A positive project NPV normally indicates that the investment should be made unless other projects have higher NPVs.

Return on investment (ROI)

A project’s expected return in percentage terms. ROI is calculated by dividing net benefits (benefits less costs) by costs.

Discount rate

The interest rate used in cash flow analysis to take into account the time value of money. Organizations typically use discount rates between 8% and 16%.

Payback

The breakeven point for an investment. This is the point in time at which net benefits (benefits minus costs) equal initial investment or cost.

Appendix A

Total Economic Impact

Total Economic Impact is a methodology developed by Forrester Research that enhances a company’s technology decision-making processes and assists solution providers in communicating their value proposition to clients. The TEI methodology helps companies demonstrate, justify, and realize the tangible value of business and technology initiatives to both senior management and other key stakeholders.

Appendix B

Supplemental Material

Related Forrester Research

Vision: Innovate With Emerging Technologies, Forrester Research, Inc., September 23, 2025.

How Siemens Reshaped Its Business Model To Accelerate Its Customers’ Digital Transformation Success, Forrester Research, Inc., July 29, 2025.

Appendix C

Endnotes

1 Total Economic Impact is a methodology developed by Forrester Research that enhances a company’s technology decision-making processes and assists solution providers in communicating their value proposition to clients. The TEI methodology helps companies demonstrate, justify, and realize the tangible value of business and technology initiatives to both senior management and other key stakeholders.

Disclosures

Readers should be aware of the following:

This study is commissioned by Siemens and delivered by Forrester Consulting. It is not meant to be used as a competitive analysis.

Forrester makes no assumptions as to the potential ROI that other organizations will receive. Forrester strongly advises that readers use their own estimates within the framework provided in the study to determine the appropriateness of an investment in Building X. For any interactive functionality, the intent is for the questions to solicit inputs specific to a prospect’s business. Forrester believes that this analysis is representative of what companies may achieve with Building X based on the inputs provided and any assumptions made. Forrester does not endorse Siemens or its offerings. Although great care has been taken to ensure the accuracy and completeness of this model, Siemens and Forrester Research are unable to accept any legal responsibility for any actions taken on the basis of the information contained herein. The interactive tool is provided ‘AS IS,’ and Forrester and Siemens make no warranties of any kind.

Siemens reviewed and provided feedback to Forrester, but Forrester maintains editorial control over the study and its findings and does not accept changes to the study that contradict Forrester’s findings or obscure the meaning of the study.

Siemens provided the customer names for the interviews but did not participate in the interviews.

Consulting Team:

Jan Sythoff
Elise Robson

Published

August 2026