Executive Summary
Enterprises operating in highly regulated and asset- or service-intensive sectors face mounting pressure to speed execution, reduce customer churn, and power reliable, data-based decision-making. But as organizations grow in size, complexity, and regulatory burden, legacy CRM environments and spreadsheet-supported processes limit scalability and agility. Underneath these challenges are fragmented data environments, disconnected workflows, and limited governance embedded within operational processes. Organizations are well served with an architectural foundation that connects data, workflows, and governance in a consistent and scalable way. Companies have an opportunity to move from fragmented, manual processes to coordinated, real-time execution across business functions, supporting scalable growth and improved operational performance.
Salesforce prebuilt applications designed to meet the needs of a given industry (i.e., “Industry Clouds”) operate as part of a broader enterprise architecture that unifies data, embeds workflows, and enforces governance within a single operational system. The solution architecture aligns to four interconnected layers: a unified data foundation (System of Context), governed workflow execution (System of Work), orchestration and automation capabilities (System of Agency), and user-facing collaboration environments (System of Engagement). Within this model, Salesforce Industry Clouds reside in the System of Work, where business rules, workflows, and compliance requirements are executed consistently across the enterprise. Salesforce Industry Clouds provide specialized, prebuilt CRM solutions, which include preconfigured data models, workflows, AI (including agentic capabilities), and compliance tools that reduce the need for extensive customization in specific verticals.
This study covers the following Industry Clouds:
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Communications Cloud
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Consumer Goods Cloud
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Financial Services Cloud
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Health Cloud
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Manufacturing Cloud
Salesforce commissioned Forrester Consulting to conduct a Total Economic Impact™ (TEI) study and examine the potential return on investment (ROI) enterprises may realize by deploying Industry Clouds.1 The purpose of this study is to provide readers with a framework to evaluate the potential financial impact of Industry Clouds on their organizations.
To better understand the benefits, costs, and risks associated with this investment, Forrester interviewed 11 decision-makers with experience using Salesforce Industry Clouds. For the purposes of this study, Forrester aggregated the experiences of the interviewees and combined the results into a single composite organization, which is a global enterprise with $3 billion in annual revenue and 10,000 employees.
Interviewees said that prior to using Salesforce Industry Clouds, their organizations relied on fragmented, legacy CRM environments supplemented by spreadsheets, manual workflows, and brittle point-to-point integrations layered on top of core transactional systems. Prior attempts to resolve this with first-generation customized-to-sector CRM solutions yielded limited success, leaving interviewees’ teams with siloed customer and operational data, heavy manual reconciliation, slow and error-prone processes, and limited ability to automate or scale workflows across business units. These limitations constrained growth by delivering inconsistent customer experiences, increasing operational risk, and impeding timely, data-driven decisions as the organization expanded in size, complexity, and geographic reach.
After the investment in Salesforce Industry Clouds, the interviewees operated on a unified, industry-specific platform that centralized customer data, automated manual workflows, and provided real-time visibility across sales, service, operations, and planning functions. This centralization enabled faster execution, more proactive decision-making, and improved customer experiences at scale. Key results from the investment include productivity gains from streamlined workflows and unified data, innovation capacity enabled by legacy retirement and IT productivity gains, revenue growth from improved sales velocity and cross‑sell, reduced customer churn, reduced revenue leakage from improved forecasting, and audit and compliance efficiency.
Key Findings
Quantified benefits. Three-year, risk-adjusted present value (PV) quantified benefits for the composite organization include:
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Productivity gains of 5% from improved workflows and unified data. The composite’s legacy environment comprises fragmented systems and manual handoffs, which Salesforce Industry Clouds replaces with a unified data model and prebuilt, industry-specific workflows. Employees spend less time switching between systems, reconciling data, and correcting errors, while automation increases throughput across sales, service, operations, and planning teams. As adoption scales across 2,000 users by Year 3, these efficiency gains allow the composite organization to absorb growth without adding headcount. Over three years, end-user productivity gains are worth $18.8 million to the composite organization.
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Licensing savings of $3.5 million from decommissioned legacy systems. By retiring legacy platforms, spreadsheets, and point solutions, the composite shifts IT effort away from maintenance toward innovation and business enablement. The composite organization reduces legacy licensing and hosting costs while reclaiming IT capacity that was previously consumed by system upkeep. Shorter development cycles and reduced reliance on scarce legacy skill sets enable faster delivery of new capabilities and improved responsiveness to business needs. Over three years, innovation capacity enabled by legacy retirement and IT productivity gains is worth $8.9 million to the composite organization.
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Top-line revenue growth of 6% from improved sales velocity and cross-sell. Unified customer, product, and engagement data improves sales execution by shortening sales cycles, increasing win rates, and surfacing cross-sell opportunities that were previously hidden across siloed systems. Salesforce Industry Clouds enables the composite’s sales teams to engage customers earlier and with more context, driving higher top-line revenue growth on Salesforce-influenced lines of business. Over three years, top-line growth from improved sales velocity and cross-sell is worth $11.7 million to the composite organization.
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Customer churn reduction resulting in 10% of at-risk revenue retained. With Salesforce Industry Clouds, the composite enables earlier identification of at-risk customers. It responds with more proactive, consistent service across sales and service touchpoints. Improved visibility into service history, renewals, and risk signals reduces customer frustration and prevents avoidable churn. These improvements increase retained revenue and strengthen long-term customer relationships. Over three years, reduced customer churn is worth $16.4 million to the composite organization.
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Forecasting improvements resulting in 20% avoided revenue leakage. Centralized, real-time forecasting replaces error-prone, spreadsheet-driven planning processes. The composite improves forecast accuracy across regions, products, and channels, reducing mismatches between demand, production, and fulfillment. Better alignment between sales, operations, and finance reduces lost revenue and penalties tied to missed deliveries or misallocation. Over three years, reduced revenue leakage through improved forecasting is worth $9.5 million to the composite organization.
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Savings of $100,000 per audit cycle. Salesforce Industry Clouds provides unified visibility, standardized reporting, and auditable data trails that reduce the effort the composite requires to support audits and regulatory reviews. The composite organization spends less time preparing compliance documentation and reallocates compliance labor toward higher-value risk and security initiatives. Over three years, audit and compliance efficiency is worth $1.1 million to the composite organization.
Unquantified benefits. Benefits that provide value for the composite organization but are not quantified for this study include:
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Enhanced trust with customers, partners, and regulators. The composite improves data consistency, traceability, auditability, and transparency, which strengthens trust and supports long-term relationships in regulated and partner-driven environments.
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Improved employee experience and confidence. Employees spend less time searching for information and navigating disconnected systems, leading to faster onboarding, higher confidence in decision-making, and greater satisfaction in customer-facing and operational roles.
Costs. Three-year, risk-adjusted PV costs for the composite organization include:
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Salesforce and add-on subscriptions. The composite’s costs scale with user adoption as it deploys Salesforce Industry Clouds across business units and regions. Over three years, the composite invests $21.8 million in subscription costs for Salesforce Industry Clouds.
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Implementation and integration costs. The composite’s phased deployment approach front-loads initial integration and configuration effort while spreading incremental costs over time as adoption expands and legacy systems are retired. Over three years, the composite invests $4.2 million in implementation and integration costs.
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Training and ongoing management. The composite organization invests in end-user training, administrator enablement, and ongoing platform management to support adoption, governance, and expanding use cases. Over three years, the composite invests $3.9 million in training and ongoing management costs.
The financial analysis that is based on the interviews found that a composite organization experiences benefits of $66.4 million over three years versus costs of $29.9 million, adding up to a net present value (NPV) of $36.5 million and an ROI of 122%.
Key Statistics
122%
Return on investment (ROI)
$66.4M
Benefits PV
$36.5M
Net present value (NPV)
<6 months
Payback
Benefits (Three-Year)
The Salesforce Industry Clouds Customer Journey
Drivers leading to the Industry Clouds investment
Interviews
| Role | Industry Clouds | Region | Revenue |
|---|---|---|---|
| CIO and CFO | Financial Services Cloud | North America | Private |
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Senior vice president Assistant vice president of solutions architecture |
Financial Services Cloud | North America | $1 billion |
| Global marketing director | Health Cloud | North America | $2.3 billion |
| Director of IT | Health Cloud | Global | $6.9 billion |
| Director of technology | Communications Cloud | Global | $125 billion |
| Senior vice president of IT customer support systems | Communications Cloud | North America | $1.2 billion |
| Senior director, head of media and channel planning | Consumer Goods Cloud | Global | $15 billion |
| Senior director of tech transformation | Consumer Goods Cloud | Global (CGC metrics from USA) | $12.5 billion |
| Senior manager, IT business strategy | Manufacturing Cloud | North America | $76 million |
| IT director | Manufacturing Cloud | Global | $23 billion |
Key Challenges
Interviewees described the challenges of legacy technology, fragmented data architectures, and manual processes in their prior environments before Salesforce Industry Clouds. These challenges constrained growth, slowed execution, increased operational risk, and degraded customer experience. Although the specific manifestations varied by industry, the underlying issues were consistent across healthcare, manufacturing, communications, financial services, and consumer goods organizations.
These challenges were also a result of underlying architectural gaps. Interviewees operated without a unified data foundation spanning systems, lacked consistent workflow execution across business processes, and relied on governance mechanisms that were applied inconsistently or after the fact. As a result, data, workflows, and decision-making were fragmented across the organization, contributing to inefficiency, risk, and limited scalability.
Interviewees noted how their organizations struggled with common challenges including:
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Fragmented, siloed customer data. Across industries, interviewees lacked a unified view of customers, members, policyholders, patients, dealers, and/or partners. This lack of visibility led to conflicting records, duplicate accounts, missed context, inconsistent service, and an inability to track interactions. Homegrown workflows, which often relied on spreadsheets, resulted in inconsistent records, wasted time sorting through conflicts, and manual handoffs. Decentralized, duplicative documents promoted yet more need for manual reconciliation, offline processes, and constant spreadsheet-based work.
The impact was slow execution, human error, lack of auditability, and difficulty scaling operations. Many interviewees’ organizations relied on outdated platforms built decades ago with long development cycles, experienced a subsequent inability to innovate quickly, and depended on rare technical skill sets. Interviewees reported high infrastructure costs, slow modernization, and constant break-fix cycles. -
Difficulty hiring or retaining skilled technical staff. Interviewees said that legacy systems required outdated languages and expertise, resulting in talent gaps, slow delivery, and costly specialized skill sets.
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Inability to support growth or new lines of business. Legacy technology constrained business growth: prior tech stacks lacked visibility to identify new product opportunities and provided little or no real-time insights. Interviewees reported that their companies’ growth exposed the limits of their homegrown systems, leading to duplicate records and increased inefficiency. Consumer goods and manufacturing interviewees especially reported that their companies’ expansion outpaced their legacy CRM capacity. Interviewees’ organizations could not make decisions based on timely data, resulting in reactive decision-making, missed revenue opportunities, and operational blind spots.
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Slow, manual, error-prone customer service. Interviewees described missing business opportunities due to incomplete or outdated records. Fragmented systems and manual workflows drove slow follow-ups, and producers competed for leads and lacked visibility. Customer frustrations led to lost revenue, churn, rework, and significant cost leakage. Interviewees noted that before Industry Clouds, customer experience was inconsistent, interactions could not be tracked, response times were slow, and self-service options were limited.
Solution Requirements
The interviewees searched for a solution that could:
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Establish a unified architecture that integrated data, workflows, and governance across business processes.
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Support industry‑specific workflows without heavy customization.
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Scale with business growth and increasing complexity.
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Reduce dependence on legacy technology and rare skill sets.
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Enable better decision‑making through timely, reliable data.
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Provide a scalable foundation for future initiatives.
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Replace fragmented, brittle architectures with a unified platform.
Composite Organization
Based on the interviews, Forrester constructed a TEI framework, a composite company, and an ROI analysis that illustrates the areas financially affected. The composite organization is representative of the interviewees’ organizations, and it is used to present the aggregate financial analysis in the next section. The composite organization has the following characteristics:
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Description of composite. The global enterprise has $3 billion in annual revenue and approximately 10,000 employees. It operates in a complex, regulated, and asset- and service-intensive environment.
The composite organization serves customers across multiple regions and channels and manages a broad portfolio of products or services that require coordination across sales, operations, service, finance, and IT. Prior to investing in a Salesforce Industry Cloud, the composite organization relied on a pseudo-CRM layer wrapped around legacy core systems. It supplemented this environment with extensive manual processes that had brittle, ad hoc integrations between CRM, enterprise resource planning (ERP), and operational systems.
Fragmented data architecture with duplicate customer and product records resulted in heavy reliance on manual reconciliation and spreadsheet-based reporting. Teams experienced low levels of process automation, and small, specialized IT teams focused on maintaining legacy technology, leaving minimal capacity for innovation.
This environment constrained operational efficiency, slowed insight-fueled decision-making, and limited the organization’s ability to respond to changing customer and market demands, resulting in an inconsistent and impersonal customer experience with limited self-service and poor visibility across interactions. Limited scalability also made it difficult to add new products, channels, or regions without significant rework. -
Deployment characteristics. The composite organization adopts the Industry Cloud in phases, first deploying it for high-impact business units and workflows. The solution is integrated with the organization’s core transactional systems and replaces manual tasks and point solutions, improving data consistency and visibility. Over time, it adds additional integrations, users, and use cases, extending the Industry Cloud across regions, product lines, and adjacent operational processes. With the adoption, the organization retires legacy tools and spreadsheets, reducing technical debt and reliance on external professional services.
By Year 3, the composite has approximately 2,000 active Industry Cloud users, representing a mix of customer-facing roles (e.g., sales, service, account management), operational and planning roles (e.g., forecasting, supply chain, operations), managers and analysts, and IT and business administrators supporting industry-specific workflows.
KEY ASSUMPTIONS
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$3 billion in revenue
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10,000 employees
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Global operations
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2,000 Salesforce Industry Clouds users by Year 3
Analysis Of Benefits
Quantified benefit data as applied to the composite
Total Benefits
| Ref. | Benefit | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Total | Present Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atr | Productivity gains from improved workflows and unified data | $5,137,125 | $7,705,688 | $10,274,250 | $23,117,063 | $18,757,647 |
| Btr | Innovation capacity enabled by legacy retirement and IT productivity gains | $2,446,250 | $3,669,375 | $4,892,500 | $11,008,125 | $8,932,213 |
| Ctr | Revenue growth from improved sales velocity and cross‑sell | $4,320,000 | $4,752,000 | $5,184,000 | $14,256,000 | $11,749,361 |
| Dtr | Improvement from reduced customer churn | $4,590,000 | $6,426,000 | $9,180,000 | $20,196,000 | $16,380,541 |
| Etr | Reduced revenue leakage from improved forecasting with Salesforce Industry Clouds | $2,592,000 | $3,888,000 | $5,184,000 | $11,664,000 | $9,464,403 |
| Ftr | Audit and compliance efficiency | $433,200 | $433,200 | $433,200 | $1,299,600 | $1,077,304 |
| Total benefits (risk-adjusted) | $19,518,575 | $26,874,263 | $35,147,950 | $81,540,788 | $66,361,469 |
Productivity Gains From Improved Workflows And Unified Data
Evidence and data. Across departmental use cases, interviewees reported meaningful productivity improvements after replacing fragmented systems with Salesforce Industry Clouds’s unified data model and prebuilt workflows, which eliminated manual handoffs with unified, role‑based workflows and a single system of record. Before Salesforce Industry Clouds, employees commonly spent time toggling between CRM systems, spreadsheets, emails, and legacy platforms; manually reconciling data across business units, products, or channels; reentering information and correcting errors caused by disconnected systems; and waiting on sequential handoffs between teams due to nonautomated workflows. With Salesforce Industry Clouds, organizations experienced time savings per employee from reduced system switching and rework; higher throughput for service and operational processes due to automation; improved capacity that allowed teams to absorb growth without adding headcount; and better collaboration driven by shared visibility into customer, product, and operational data.
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The CIO and CFO in financial services explained that prior to Salesforce, producers frequently worked against one another because customer relationships were not visible across portfolios, which “made it very inefficient” and required constant cleanup of duplicate records. After implementation, customer information, renewals, and engagement history were accessible in one place, materially improving producer productivity. The organization eliminated redundant work and internal competition for leads. They said, “An employee is saving 30 minutes a day across everything because they’re not looking across multiple places.”
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The global marketing director in healthcare described compressing complex sales cycles from approximately three months to one month by equipping sales teams with unified provider, patient, and engagement data. The interviewee described the productivity gain, saying, “By having Salesforce Health Cloud, we’re able to save anywhere from 20% to 30% in follow‑up time.” The organization also saved 5 to 10 hours per manager per week with reduced manual reporting.
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Interviewees from manufacturing and communications organizations reported direct time savings through workflow automation. The senior manager of IT business strategy in manufacturing described automating warranty claims processing, increasing throughput from 3,500 claims per year to more than 8,000, while eliminating more than 600 hours of manual effort annually by automating more than 65% of claims. Field service agents were able to handle multiple customer interactions simultaneously rather than sequentially. The IT director in manufacturing remarked, “Without a system like this, you’d easily have to have double the amount of people.”
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The senior vice president of IT customer support systems in communications reported moving from an order process that required 10 separate human handoffs to a fully automated, zero‑touch workflow for new residential orders. The new workflow eliminated entire layers of back‑office processing and materially reduced error rates and rework. The interviewee said: “In the legacy stack before Salesforce Communications Cloud, we probably had 10 different handoffs between teams [to get a tech out to a customer]. Everything was very sequential. Now, we don’t have anybody touch it. It’s full automation from the time the customer places that e‑comm order until that tech gets out to their residence.”
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The senior director of tech transformation in consumer goods said, “Employees save anywhere from 15 to 30 minutes per store with this system.”
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The combination of a unified data foundation and embedded workflows within a single operational system enabled these productivity gains. By centralizing data and executing processes within a consistent workflow layer, organizations reduced the need for manual reconciliation, system switching, and sequential handoffs.
Modeling and assumptions. Based on the interviews, Forrester assumes the following about the composite organization:
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The composite organization has 10,000 employees, 20% of whom are Industry Cloud users.
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As the organization phases its adoption, the users scale to 50% in Year 1, 75% in Year 2, and 100% by Year 3.
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Thirty-five percent of users are front-line, sales, and field users. Forty-five percent of users are operations team members. Twenty percent of users are managers and analysts.
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Each user gains 5% productivity.
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The average fully burdened annual salary for a field or front-line team member is $104,000. The average fully burdened annual salary for an operations team member is $95,000. The average fully burdened annual salary for a manager, analyst, or team lead is $145,000.
Risks. The impact of this benefit will vary among organizations based on the following factors:
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Extent of Salesforce Industry Clouds adoption across teams in the enterprise and the users comprising those teams.
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Persistence of legacy workarounds.
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Change management and training effectiveness.
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Data quality and integration completeness.
Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this benefit downward by 5%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of $18.8 million.
5%
Productivity gains from improved workflows and unified data
Productivity Gains From Improved Workflows And Unified Data
| Ref. | Metric | Source | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | Employees | Composite | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | |
| A2 | Percentage of employees who are Salesforce Industry Clouds users | Composite | 20% | 20% | 20% | |
| A3 | Adoption rate of Salesforce Industry Clouds | Composite | 50% | 75% | 100% | |
| A4 | Front-line, sales, and field users | Composite | 350 | 525 | 700 | |
| A5 | Percentage time saved per field and front-line user | Interviews | 5% | 5% | 5% | |
| A6 | Fully burdened annual salary for a field or front-line team member | Composite | $104,000 | $104,000 | $104,000 | |
| A7 | Subtotal: Savings from field and front-line users | A4*A5*A6 | $1,820,000 | $2,730,000 | $3,640,000 | |
| A8 | Service, support, and back office operations | Composite | 900 | 900 | 900 | |
| A9 | Percentage of time saved per operations team member | Interviews | 5% | 5% | 5% | |
| A10 | Fully burdened annual salary for an operations team member | Composite | $95,000 | $95,000 | $95,000 | |
| A11 | Subtotal: Savings from operations team members | A8*A9*A10*A3 | $2,137,500 | $3,206,250 | $4,275,000 | |
| A12 | Managers, analysts, and team leads | Composite | 400 | 400 | 400 | |
| A13 | Percentage of time saved per manager, analyst, and team lead | Interviews | 5% | 5% | 5% | |
| A14 | Fully burdened annual salary for a manager, analyst, or team lead | Composite | $145,000 | $145,000 | $145,000 | |
| A15 | Subtotal: Savings from manager, analyst, and team lead productivity | A12*A13*A14 | $1,450,000 | $2,175,000 | $2,900,000 | |
| At | Productivity gains from improved workflows and unified data | A7+A11+A15 | $5,407,500 | $8,111,250 | $10,815,000 | |
| Risk adjustment | ↓5% | |||||
| Atr | Productivity gains from improved workflows and unified data (risk-adjusted) | $5,137,125 | $7,705,688 | $10,274,250 | ||
| Three-year total: $23,117,063 | Three-year present value: $18,757,647 | |||||
Innovation Capacity Enabled By Legacy Retirement And IT Productivity Gains
Evidence and data. Interviewees reported that Salesforce Industry Clouds materially shifted IT effort away from maintaining legacy systems toward innovation and business enablement. Multiple organizations retired homegrown, custom vertical solutions and mainframe‑based platforms that required constant upkeep, increasing their capacity to innovate by reducing the time, effort, and risk associated with maintaining legacy systems and custom-built solutions. Before Salesforce Industry Clouds, IT teams primarily focused on maintaining aging, on‑premises or homegrown systems, supporting fragile customizations and integrations, managing technical debt that limited speed and flexibility, and spending disproportionate effort to keep the lights on. After implementing Salesforce Industry Clouds, interviewees consistently reported that legacy systems and spreadsheets were retired or significantly reduced, IT resources were reallocated from maintenance to innovation, development cycles shortened from months to days or hours, and new capabilities could be delivered faster, enabling experimentation and faster response to business needs.
Freed IT capacity enables faster experimentation, quicker deployment of new capabilities, and reduced reliance on scarce legacy skill sets, an innovation benefit that compounds over time and allows organizations to launch new products, automate complex processes, and respond more quickly to market and customer demands.
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The CIO and CFO in financial services noted that maintaining their prior CRM required two full‑time developers, with quarterly releases taking approximately one week per update, and involved three people full time for ongoing support. Decommissioning the system freed those resources to focus on higher‑value initiatives rather than maintenance. Those resources were primarily engaged in maintenance rather than innovation: “They were probably pushing code updates once every quarter, and it would take about a week. Now, those resources are focused on new capabilities.” The interviewee explained that after moving to Salesforce Financial Services Cloud, their organization was able to build new capabilities on the platform, “We actually built out our own custom agency management system that sits on top of Financial Services Cloud.” Other interviewees described their prior environments as limiting this type of innovation.
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The senior vice president in financial services said: “We probably had 15 or 20 core banking developers before, and only two or three developers were focused on new capabilities. We have more Salesforce developers now, but they can actually focus on new implementations and new capabilities.”
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Interviewees from manufacturing and consumer goods organizations emphasized how Salesforce dramatically shortened development cycles. The senior manager of IT business strategy in manufacturing stated that internal Salesforce teams could deploy new applications in minutes or hours, compared with one to three months using prior ERP‑based development models. The interviewee said: “If they were to develop the same types of applications that we’ve developed in Salesforce, they would still be working on requests from two or three years ago. The architect and developer can deploy an application in Salesforce within minutes, if not hours.”
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The senior director and head of media and channel planning in consumer goods said: “Before Consumer Goods Cloud, a significant amount of internal and systems integrator labor was spent maintaining custom objects and workflows. After we switched, somewhere between 10 and 15 full‑time employees were freed up from marketing operations and service enablement. Adopting Consumer Goods Cloud allowed us to reinvest those resources into higher‑value work.”
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The senior vice president of IT customer support systems in communications said: “Launching new products on the mainframe stack took six months to a year before. Now with Salesforce Communications Cloud, we have at least a 75% increase in speed to market for our product rollouts. Fail fast is a trend — you don’t want to take a year to implement something just to undo it six months later.”
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The senior director of tech transformation in consumer goods said, “We came off of [our prior tech stack] and we saved about $250,000 to $300,000 annually.”
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The director of technology in communications estimated that replacing legacy third-party and homegrown systems would ultimately deliver $50 million to 60 million in annual net savings, driven by reduced infrastructure, integration complexity, and IT labor. The same organization repurposed approximately 20% of IT FTEs toward innovation and roadmap delivery from platform maintenance.
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This shift was supported by moving from fragmented, customized legacy architectures to a unified operational platform in which workflows and data were standardized. As a result, organizations reduced reliance on maintaining disconnected systems and increased their ability to deliver new capabilities more quickly.
Modeling and assumptions. Based on the interviews, Forrester assumes the following about the composite organization:
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The annual cost of legacy licenses and hosting is $3,000,000 for the composite, and the annual cost of associated point solutions that it decommissioned is an additional $500,000.
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Once the composite decommissions the legacy system, 11 FTEs (i.e., 3% of the 350 total FTEs) reclaim time for innovation where they were previously updating, innovating, and maintaining the legacy environment.
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The composite decommissions the legacy environment at a rate that mirrors the onboarding of Industry Cloud users: 50% in Year 1, 75% in Year 2, and 100% by Year 3.
Risks. The impact of this benefit will vary among organizations based on the following factors:
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Rate of legacy system decommissioning, influenced by factors such as risk aversion or contractual constraints.
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Competing IT priorities or redirection to operational backlogs or security initiatives rather than net‑new innovation.
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Customization creep that may reduce the innovation velocity enabled by standard Salesforce Industry Clouds capabilities.
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Expertise available for innovation capacity at the organization.
Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this benefit downward by 5%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of $8.9 million.
$3.5M
Licensing saved from decommissioning legacy environment
Innovation Capacity Enabled By Legacy Retirement And IT Productivity Gains
| Ref. | Metric | Source | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | Cost of legacy licenses and hosting | Interviews | $3,000,000 | $3,000,000 | $3,000,000 | |
| B2 | Cost of associated point solutions decommissioned | Interviews | $500,000 | $500,000 | $500,000 | |
| B3 | Subtotal: Licensing saved from legacy environment | (B1+B2)*B8 | $1,750,000 | $2,625,000 | $3,500,000 | |
| B4 | IT FTEs | Composite | 350 | 350 | 350 | |
| B5 | Percentage of FTEs involved in updating, innovating, and maintaining legacy environment | Interviews | 3% | 3% | 3% | |
| B6 | FTEs with reclaimed time for innovation | B4*B5 | 11 | 11 | 11 | |
| B7 | Average fully burdened annual salary for an FTE | Composite | $150,000 | $150,000 | $150,000 | |
| B8 | Rate of decommissioning | Composite | 50% | 75% | 100% | |
| Bt | Innovation capacity enabled by legacy retirement and IT productivity gains | (B3+(B6*B7))*B8 | $2,575,000 | $3,862,500 | $5,150,000 | |
| Risk adjustment | ↓5% | |||||
| Btr | Innovation capacity enabled by legacy retirement and IT productivity gains (risk-adjusted) | $2,446,250 | $3,669,375 | $4,892,500 | ||
| Three-year total: $11,008,125 | Three-year present value: $8,932,213 | |||||
Revenue Growth From Improved Sales Velocity And Cross‑Sell
Evidence and data. Interviewees across industries attributed measurable revenue growth to improved sales execution, faster time to market, and increased cross-sell visibility driven by faster sales execution, improved customer tracking, and greater ability to identify and act on cross‑sell opportunities enabled by Salesforce Industry Clouds.
Before adopting Salesforce Industry Clouds, interviewees described sales environments in which customer, product, and contract data was fragmented across systems, sales teams lacked visibility into full customer relationships, opportunities for cross‑sell or expansion were hidden or identified too late, and long or manual sales cycles caused customer drop‑off and lost deals. After adopting Salesforce Industry Clouds, interviewees consistently reported that sales cycles shortened due to better access to unified customer and product data, win rates and deal progression improved as sellers engaged customers earlier and with more context, and cross‑sell and expansion opportunities increased through account‑level visibility.
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The senior director of tech transformation in consumer goods estimated that improved shelf-level visibility and faster decision-making enabled by Consumer Goods Cloud drove approximately 5% higher revenue than would have been achieved otherwise, even amid an overall industry downturn: “Conservatively, we think it has helped us with about 5% or so in the revenue increase with the better placement decision‑making.” The interviewee cited faster corrective actions on pricing, placement, and stock issues as key contributors.
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In healthcare, the global marketing director described compressing complex sales cycles from approximately three months to one month by equipping sales teams with unified provider, patient, and engagement data. The interviewee estimated that faster deal cycles and better targeting contributed to a 25% to 35% incremental revenue uplift for certain product lines. Because Health Cloud enables detailed tracking of purchasing patterns, the interviewee reported 7% to 9% annual revenue growth, driven by a combination of higher revenue from existing accounts and new account and cross-sell expansion, where users of one product begin purchasing a related product. Marketing teams can segment messaging precisely between clinical buyers (e.g., physicians, IR/vascular/cardiology), economic buyers (e.g., supply chain, CFOs), and influencers (e.g., techs, nurses, admins); as a result, targeted campaigns tied to Health Cloud insights produced 30% increases in product-specific website traffic, validating demand generation alignment across sales and marketing.
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Financial services organizations also experienced improved cross-sell execution. The CIO and CFO in this industry explained that prior to Salesforce, cross-selling was hidden because teams could not see products held across business lines. With unified customer visibility, their firm could systematically identify gaps in coverage and proactively offer additional products. The interviewee explained: “Cross‑selling opportunities were hidden. We couldn’t see if a customer was already buying across different lines of business. Now we can see the full customer relationship in one place.”
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The assistant vice president of solutions architecture in financial services said: “We’re able to identify opportunities much earlier in the process. It’s allowed our teams to be more proactive with members instead of reactive.”
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The director of technology in communications emphasized Salesforce Communications Cloud enabled faster go‑to‑market execution, “We’re probably about three to five times faster for our time to launch.”
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Unified visibility into customer relationships combined with embedded sales workflows drove improved sales execution. By aligning data and execution within a single system, interviewees enabled earlier engagement, more informed decision-making, and more consistent sales processes.
Modeling and assumptions. Based on the interviews, Forrester assumes the following about the composite organization:
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The composite’s annual revenue is $3 billion, 30% of which is influenced by Salesforce Industry Clouds.
-
It experiences top-line revenue growth on these lines of business and services of 5% in Year 1, 5.5% in Year 2, and 6% in Year 3.
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Its operating margin is 12%.
Risks. The impact of this benefit will vary among organizations based on the following factors:
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Sales process and team incentive alignment to new Salesforce data and workflows.
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Market and demand variability influenced by economic conditions, competitive pressure, or customer purchasing cycles.
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Data completeness for cross‑sell.
-
Sales adoption and trust of Salesforce Industry Clouds across an organization.
Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this benefit downward by 20%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of $11.7 million.
6%
Top-line revenue growth from improved sales velocity and cross-sell
Revenue Growth From Improved Sales Velocity And Cross‑Sell
| Ref. | Metric | Source | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C1 | Revenue | Composite | $3,000,000,000 | $3,000,000,000 | $3,000,000,000 | |
| C2 | Percentage influenced by Salesforce Industry Clouds | Composite | 30% | 30% | 30% | |
| C3 | Revenue from lines of business influenced by Salesforce Industry Clouds | C1*C2 | $900,000,000 | $900,000,000 | $900,000,000 | |
| C4 | Top-line revenue growth | Interviews | 5.0% | 5.5% | 6.0% | |
| C5 | Operating margin | Composite | 12% | 12% | 12% | |
| Ct | Revenue growth from improved sales velocity and cross‑sell | C3*C4*C5 | $5,400,000 | $5,940,000 | $6,480,000 | |
| Risk adjustment | ↓20% | |||||
| Ctr | Revenue growth from improved sales velocity and cross‑sell (risk-adjusted) | $4,320,000 | $4,752,000 | $5,184,000 | ||
| Three-year total: $14,256,000 | Three-year present value: $11,749,361 | |||||
Improvement From Reduced Customer Churn
Evidence and data. Several interviewees tied Salesforce Industry Clouds capabilities to reductions in customer churn. Before Salesforce Industry Clouds, interviewees described environments in which service history and risk signals were limited; teams were reactive rather than proactive and responded to issues only after customers escalated or left; poor experience, slow resolution, and inconsistent engagement caused customers to churn; and churn and lost business were difficult to measure due to disconnected systems. After implementation, Salesforce Industry Clouds enabled earlier identification of at‑risk customers, more proactive and consistent service, improved experience across sales and service touchpoints, and visibility into churn that previously could not be measured.
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The director of technology in communications estimated that proactive service and improved intelligence enabled by Communications Cloud could drive 10 to 30 basis points of churn reduction, equivalent to $20 million to $60 million in retained revenue annually. These gains were attributed to faster issue resolution, consistent offer presentation across channels, and better customer insight.
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Similarly, the senior vice president of IT customer support systems in communications emphasized reductions in preinstall churn, noting that even a 0.25% reduction in churn had a multimillion-dollar impact due to the scale of the customer base, “Even a quarter percentage reduction in pre‑install churn equated to millions of dollars.” Full automation eliminated missed appointments and order fallout that previously caused customers to cancel before installation of their communications system.
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The CIO and CFO in financial services reported that prior to Salesforce, annual lost business was approximately $11 million due to nonrenewals. After implementing Salesforce and introducing structured renewal outreach and product alignment, lost revenue declined by several million dollars annually, with further reductions expected as they systematically addressed churn drivers.
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The senior director and head of media and channel planning in consumer goods said: “Customers in the before state would fall off because of poor experience. We’re looking at time to market and reduced customer drop.”
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In healthcare, the global marketing director at a healthcare organization noted, “When physicians have better experiences, they’re more likely to stay engaged with their partners.” The director of IT in healthcare described the difference with Health Cloud: “When prior systems weren’t communicating, it created delays and frustration. We’re now able to deliver a much more consistent customer experience.” The interviewee reported retention gains measured at a 10% to 15% improvement overall, with certain strategic product segments realizing up to a 50% lift.
-
Consistent visibility into customer interactions and executing standardized service workflows enabled these improvements. Organizations were able to move from reactive to proactive engagement by combining shared data with coordinated processes.
Modeling and assumptions. Based on the interviews, Forrester assumes the following about the composite organization:
-
The composite retains 70% of its customers before Salesforce Industry Clouds.
-
With adoption of the Industry Cloud, the revenue retained from churn reduction is 5% in Year 1, 7% in Year 2, and 10% in Year 3.
Risks. The impact of this benefit will vary among organizations based on the following factors:
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Management of multiple drivers of customer churn such as pricing, product quality, market alternatives, and service levels.
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Consistent experience delivery across regions, channels, or customer segments.
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Length of contract cycles or renewal periods.
-
Availability of baseline churn metrics before Salesforce Industry Clouds.
Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this benefit downward by 15%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of $16.4 million.
10%
Percentage revenue retained due to customer churn reduction
Improvement From Reduced Customer Churn
| Ref. | Metric | Source | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D1 | Customer retention before Salesforce Industry Clouds | Composite | 70% | 70% | 70% | |
| D2 | Revenue at risk from baseline churn | C1*(1-D1) | $900,000,000 | $900,000,000 | $900,000,000 | |
| D3 | Percentage revenue retained due to churn reduction | Interviews | 5% | 7% | 10% | |
| D4 | Operating margin | Composite | 12% | 12% | 12% | |
| Dt | Improvement from reduced customer churn | C3*D3*D4 | $5,400,000 | $7,560,000 | $10,800,000 | |
| Risk adjustment | ↓15% | |||||
| Dtr | Improvement from reduced customer churn (risk-adjusted) | $4,590,000 | $6,426,000 | $9,180,000 | ||
| Three-year total: $20,196,000 | Three-year present value: $16,380,541 | |||||
Reduced Revenue Leakage From Improved Forecasting With Salesforce Industry Clouds
Evidence and data. Improved forecasting accuracy emerged as a distinct benefit, particularly in consumer goods, manufacturing, and asset-based industries in which forecasting directly influences inventory, production, and revenue realization. Across these organizations, interviewees reported reduced revenue leakage as a result of improved forecast accuracy, centralized demand visibility, and replacement of error‑prone legacy forecasting tools enabled by Salesforce Industry Clouds.
Before Salesforce Industry Clouds, interviewees described maintaining forecasts in large, manually updated spreadsheet models. In these environments, forecast accuracy varied widely across regions, products, or channels. Sales, supply chain, and finance operated from different versions of the forecast, and poor visibility led to overproduction or underproduction, missed demand, and lost revenue. After implementing Salesforce Industry Clouds, interviewees reported that forecasting was centralized in a single system of record, forecast accuracy improved, and a larger share of revenue could be planned and executed against with confidence. Subsequently, interviewees reduced revenue leakage caused by misaligned planning and execution.
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The senior director of tech transformation in consumer goods reported that integrating distributor data with store-level execution data improved forecast accuracy by up to 25% in certain markets, increasing accuracy from between 50% and 60% to between 70% and 80%. This improvement applied to approximately 40% of revenue in North America, enabling better inventory allocation and reducing lost sales due to stockouts or misallocation.
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The senior manager of IT business strategy in manufacturing described moving from a 25-year-old legacy spreadsheet into Salesforce Manufacturing Cloud, providing a centralized, real-time view of demand and commitments across partners, which reduced forecasting errors and improved alignment between sales, production, and procurement: “Now we have this centralized view of forecasting and demand planning. Sales, operations, and finance are all looking at the same numbers now.”
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The IT director in manufacturing described that their organization historically faced $2.5 million per year in nondelivery penalties tied to missed supplier deliveries. After implementing Salesforce Manufacturing Cloud, this fell to $1.5 million per year, a $1 million (i.e., 15%) reduction.
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The director of technology in communications also described revenue leakage to prevent customer churn in the prior state and remarked that improved visibility prevented this cost: “When you get these situations where you might have misappropriated orders or inappropriately provisioned orders, you sometimes have revenue leakage, because you might have to credit the customer, and the credit might be more than what the promotion is for the inconvenience. Communications Cloud protects your revenue leakage from over-crediting customers to compensate for issues.”
-
Centralizing forecasting within a unified data model enabled interviewees’ organizations to replace fragmented, spreadsheet-based processes with a shared system of record, improving alignment across teams and increasing confidence in planning decisions.
Modeling and assumptions. Based on the interviews, Forrester assumes the following about the composite organization:
-
Sixty percent of the composite’s revenue is at risk without proper forecasting.
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Its baseline mismatch in its prior environment, before Salesforce Industry Clouds, is 4%.
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The percentage avoided cost from improved forecasting is 10% in Year 1, 15% in Year 2, and 20% in Year 3.
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The gross profit margin for the composite is 40%.
Risks. The impact of this benefit will vary among organizations based on the following factors:
-
Deployment of Salesforce and forecasting scope limitations to specific product lines, regions, or channels.
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External variables such as supplier reliability, customer behavior changes, or macroeconomic factors.
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User reliance on judgment overrides on system‑generated forecasts.
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Speed of operational response.
Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this benefit downward by 10%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of $9.5 million.
20%
Percentage avoided costs from improved forecasting
Reduced Revenue Leakage From Improved Forecasting With Salesforce Industry Clouds
| Ref. | Metric | Source | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E1 | Percentage of revenue at risk without Salesforce Industry Clouds | Composite | 60% | 60% | 60% | |
| E2 | Revenue impacted without forecasting enabled | C1*E1 | $1,800,000,000 | $1,800,000,000 | $1,800,000,000 | |
| E3 | Baseline mismatch before Salesforce Industry Clouds | Composite | 4% | 4% | 4% | |
| E4 | Loss from leakage before Salesforce Industry Clouds | E2*E3 | $72,000,000 | $72,000,000 | $72,000,000 | |
| E5 | Percentage of avoided costs from improved forecasting | Interviews | 10% | 15% | 20% | |
| E6 | Gross margin | Composite | 40% | 40% | 40% | |
| Et | Reduced revenue leakage from improved forecasting with Salesforce Industry Clouds | E4*E5*E6 | $2,880,000 | $4,320,000 | $5,760,000 | |
| Risk adjustment | ↓10% | |||||
| Etr | Reduced revenue leakage from improved forecasting with Salesforce Industry Clouds (risk-adjusted) | $2,592,000 | $3,888,000 | $5,184,000 | ||
| Three-year total: $11,664,000 | Three-year present value: $9,464,403 | |||||
Audit And Compliance Efficiency
Evidence and data. Interviewees in highly regulated industries reported efficiency gains in audit preparation and compliance reporting, leading to reduced audit labor, faster response to regulatory inquiries, and lower risk of compliance gaps, contributing to ongoing operational savings.
Embedding governance, auditability, and reporting directly within operational workflows supported these efficiencies. By executing processes within a system that enforces permissions, rules, and traceability, interviewees’ organizations reduced the need for manual coordination and improved audit consistency.
Before Salesforce Industry Clouds, interviewees described audit and compliance environments where required data was distributed across multiple legacy systems and spreadsheets; audit preparation required significant manual coordination across IT, operations, and finance; reporting inconsistencies increased audit effort and review cycles; and compliance work competed with higher‑value IT and security initiatives.
After implementation, interviewees reported that Salesforce Industry Clouds enabled faster audit cycles through unified visibility and standardized reporting, reduced manual audit preparation effort, reallocation of compliance labor toward higher‑value risk and security work, and lower disruption to business operations during audits.
-
In healthcare, the global marketing director at a healthcare organization emphasized that Health Cloud’s compliance-ready data architecture and audit trails reduced the time and effort required to support regulatory reviews. The organization estimated approximately $100,000 in annual savings from reduced manual audit preparation compared with prior spreadsheet-driven processes.
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The director of technology in communications said: “Previously manual, multisystem audits are now completed 30% to 40% faster thanks to unified visibility. About 50% of audit labor effort was repurposed toward cybersecurity and control testing priorities.”
Modeling and assumptions. Based on the interviews, Forrester assumes the following about the composite organization:
-
The composite is in a highly regulated industry and has four audits per year, saving $100,000 per audit cycle.
-
Four FTEs each save 200 hours of compiling compliance documentation.
-
The fully burdened hourly rate of an FTE is $70.
Risks. The impact of this benefit will vary among organizations based on the following factors:
-
Variability in audit frequency and scope.
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Regulatory requirements across industry and geography.
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Continued external audit requirements.
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Degree of incomplete data governance in prior state.
Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this benefit downward by 5%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of $1.1 million.
$100,000
Savings per audit cycle
Audit And Compliance Efficiency
| Ref. | Metric | Source | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F1 | Audits | Composite | 4 | 4 | 4 | |
| F2 | Savings per cycle | Interviews | $100,000 | $100,000 | $100,000 | |
| F3 | FTEs in compliance documentation | Composite | 4 | 4 | 4 | |
| F4 | Time saved per FTE per year (hours) | Interviews | 200 | 200 | 200 | |
| F5 | Fully burdened hourly rate for an FTE | Composite | $70 | $70 | $70 | |
| Ft | Audit and compliance efficiency | (F1*F2)+(F3*F4*F5) | $456,000 | $456,000 | $456,000 | |
| Risk adjustment | ↓5% | |||||
| Ftr | Audit and compliance efficiency (risk-adjusted) | $433,200 | $433,200 | $433,200 | ||
| Three-year total: $1,299,600 | Three-year present value: $1,077,304 | |||||
Unquantified Benefits
Interviewees mentioned the following additional benefits that their organizations experienced but were not able to quantify:
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Enhanced trust with customers, partners, and regulators. Interviewees described improved external trust as a result of better data consistency and traceability, including more reliable information shared with partners or dealers, greater transparency during audits or reviews, and fewer disputes caused by inconsistent records. Interviewees viewed these as strategically important for maintaining long-term relationships and credibility.
-
Improved employee experience and confidence. Employee experience improved, particularly for roles that previously depended on manual data gathering or system-to-system navigation, and onboarding time was also reduced. Employees were able to access relevant information more easily, spend less time searching, and increase confidence when interacting with customers, partners, or auditors. Interviewees described Salesforce Industry Clouds as providing a more durable and scalable foundation than their prior environments. Rather than worrying about system limitations, data fragmentation, or brittle integrations, organizations felt more confident investing in future initiatives on top of the platform. Longer tenures helped avoid costs for recruiting/hiring and training.
Flexibility
The value of flexibility is unique to each customer. There are multiple scenarios in which a customer might implement Industry Clouds and later realize additional uses and business opportunities, including:
-
Improved readiness for AI‑driven insights and automation. Several interviewees described how Salesforce Industry Clouds helped their organization move from a fragmented, manual, and spreadsheet‑driven environment to a centralized, structured, and real‑time data model. This shift created the foundation required for AI‑driven operations, in which automated decision-making occur within governed workflows rather than outside of them. In manufacturing and asset‑based environments, interviewees described using Salesforce data to identify issues before customers reported them, including early identification of defects, service needs, or components requiring replacement. This forward‑looking visibility was enabled by centralized data and improved forecasting rather than reactive, manual analysis, and interviewees described it as a step toward more predictive and intelligent operations. As organizations mature, this foundation enables the introduction of intelligent automation within existing business processes. Because these capabilities operate within established workflows and governance structures, organizations can extend automation while maintaining control, accountability, and compliance.
Healthcare interviewees similarly emphasized that moving away from fragmented systems and spreadsheets toward unified data models enabled actionable insights to surface from the data itself, rather than relying on staff to manually search, reconcile, and interpret information. Interviewees highlighted that Salesforce allowed the data to give actionable insights versus them manually chasing through spreadsheets, which they viewed as a prerequisite for more advanced analytics and automation. Improved forecasting, demand planning, and operational visibility are necessary precursors for predictive operations, such as anticipating delays, identifying risks earlier, and avoiding downstream disruptions. These capabilities enable more intelligent decision‑making. -
Greater organizational agility and responsiveness. Interviewees said Salesforce Industry Clouds has enabled their organizations to respond more quickly to changes, including new customer requirements, operational issues, and market or regulatory changes. Interviewees highlighted the ability to test, adjust, or course correct without large system changes.
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Future-proofing organizations with technology that evolves over time. Salesforce Industry Clouds provides a foundation that evolves over time, allowing organizations to adopt new capabilities without large-scale system replacement or replatforming. Because the platform is regularly updated with new features and enhancements through Salesforce’s ongoing release cycle, organizations can incrementally incorporate innovations — such as advanced analytics, automation, and AI-driven capabilities — into existing workflows. This evolution reduces the risk of technology obsolescence and enables the composite organization to adapt more quickly to changing business and customer requirements.
Flexibility would also be quantified when evaluated as part of a specific project (described in more detail in Total Economic Impact Approach).
Analysis Of Costs
Quantified cost data as applied to the composite
Total Costs
| Ref. | Cost | Initial | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Total | Present Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gtr | Salesforce and add-on subscriptions | $1,134,000 | $5,670,000 | $8,505,000 | $11,340,000 | $26,649,000 | $21,837,381 |
| Htr | Implementation and integration | $2,200,000 | $1,155,000 | $1,155,000 | $0 | $4,510,000 | $4,204,545 |
| Itr | Training and ongoing technology management | $632,940 | $1,003,800 | $1,363,950 | $1,582,350 | $4,583,040 | $3,861,560 |
| Total costs (risk-adjusted) | $3,966,940 | $7,828,800 | $11,023,950 | $12,922,350 | $35,742,040 | $29,903,486 |
Salesforce And Add-On Subscriptions
Evidence and data. Interviewees reported their organizations incurred Salesforce licensing costs related to variety of Salesforce products, including add-ons, as well as their Salesforce Industry Clouds. Costs for Salesforce Industry Clouds varied for interviewees based on overall tech stack, integrations, and usage. Contact Salesforce for additional details or pricing quotes.
Modeling and assumptions. Based on the interviews, Forrester assumes the following about the composite organization:
-
With Salesforce Industry Clouds and add-on subscriptions, the composite incurs costs for Salesforce Industry Clouds of $1,080,000 initially. As it increases adoption, it incurs costs of $5,400,000 in Year 1, $8,100,000 in Year 2, and $10,800,000 in Year 3.
Risks. The impact of this cost will vary according to the following factors:
-
Salesforce solutions licensed, factors that determine the license price, level of ongoing support, and contract terms.
-
Number, type, and cost of add-on products integrated.
Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this cost upward by 5%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of $21.8 million.
Salesforce And Add-On Subscriptions
| Ref. | Metric | Source | Initial | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G1 | Salesforce add-ons | Composite | $1,080,000 | $5,400,000 | $8,100,000 | $10,800,000 |
| Gt | Salesforce and add-on subscriptions | G1 | $1,080,000 | $5,400,000 | $8,100,000 | $10,800,000 |
| Risk adjustment | ↑5% | |||||
| Gtr | Salesforce and add-on subscriptions (risk-adjusted) | $1,134,000 | $5,670,000 | $8,505,000 | $11,340,000 | |
| Three-year total: $26,649,000 | Three-year present value: $21,837,381 | |||||
Implementation And Integration
Evidence and data. Interviewees described implementation and integration costs for Salesforce Industry Clouds as phased and incremental. This phased approach allowed interviewees to prioritize high‑impact workflows, reduce deployment risk, and spread internal labor and integration effort across multiple periods. As a result, implementation and integration costs were front loaded but not one‑time, with additional effort incurred as adoption expanded and legacy systems were retired.
In the initial implementation phase, interviewees’ organizations focused on deploying Salesforce Industry Clouds for priority teams or use cases, configuring industry‑specific data models and workflows, and integrating with a limited set of critical upstream and downstream systems.
After establishing the core deployment, interviewees described expanding Salesforce Industry Clouds by adding additional integrations, onboarding more users, regions, or product lines, and extending functionality to adjacent workflows. Communications and manufacturing organizations in particular described environments with many integrations, which were added incrementally as confidence in the platform grew.
Several interviewees described a phase in which legacy systems and spreadsheets were decommissioned, reliance on external professional services declined, and internal governance and platform ownership matured. While this phase required continued internal effort, interviewees indicated that it also reduced long-term complexity and cost, setting the stage for downstream productivity and innovation benefits.
Modeling and assumptions. Based on the interviews, Forrester assumes the following about the composite organization:
-
Twenty IT developer FTEs front load the initial implementation and integration in the initial six-month period, followed by six FTEs in both Year 1 and Year 2 for the subsequent phases.
-
The composite incurs an additional $500,000 in professional services in the initial period, then $150,000 each in Years 1 and 2.
Risks. The impact of this cost will vary according to the following factors:
-
Complexity of legacy environments, which may require more integration, configuration, and data migration,
-
Cross‑functional coordination and partner dependency.
Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this cost upward by 10%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of $4.2 million.
Implementation And Integration
| Ref. | Metric | Source | Initial | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1 | IT developer FTEs | Composite | 20 | 6 | 6 | |
| H2 | Professional services | Interviews | $500,000 | $150,000 | $150,000 | |
| H3 | Fully burdened annual salary for an IT developer FTE | Composite | $75,000 | $150,000 | $150,000 | |
| Ht | Implementation and integration | (H1*H3)+H2 | $2,000,000 | $1,050,000 | $1,050,000 | $0 |
| Risk adjustment | ↑10% | |||||
| Htr | Implementation and integration (risk-adjusted) | $2,200,000 | $1,155,000 | $1,155,000 | $0 | |
| Three-year total: $4,510,000 | Three-year present value: $4,204,545 | |||||
Training And Ongoing Technology Management
Evidence and data. During the initial deployment phase, organizations invested in end-user training for new workflows and data models, administrator and developer training for industry-specific functionality, and enablement for teams transitioning from legacy systems or spreadsheets.
After the initial rollout, interviewees described a period in which internal teams continued to build proficiency, governance processes were formalized, and ongoing configuration and enhancement work was required.
Modeling and assumptions. Based on the interviews, Forrester assumes the following about the composite organization:
-
There are 400 Salesforce users in the initial period, 1,000 in Year 1, 1,500 in Year 2, and 2,000 by Year 3.
-
Salesforce users undergo 16 hours of training initially, and 8 hours in subsequent years.
-
For ongoing management, the composite resources Salesforce Industry Clouds with two FTEs administrators initially, four in Year 1, and five in Years 2 and 3. These admins specifically support the Industry Clouds component of its Salesforce environment.
Risks. The impact of this cost will vary according to the following factors:
-
Uneven adoption or change management friction based on organizational culture and willingness to adopt new systems.
-
Applicable specialized skill requirements.
-
Turnover and role changes.
-
Growth of ongoing administration and support requirements as usage expands to more users, regions, or use cases.
Results. To account for these risks, Forrester adjusted this cost upward by 5%, yielding a three-year, risk-adjusted total PV (discounted at 10%) of $3.9 million.
Training And Ongoing Technology Management
| Ref. | Metric | Source | Initial | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I1 | Salesforce users | Composite | 400 | 1,000 | 1,500 | 2,000 |
| I2 | Training time per Salesforce user (hours) | Composite | 16 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| I3 | Average fully burdened hourly rate for a Salesforce user | Composite | $52 | $52 | $52 | $52 |
| I4 | Salesforce administrators | Interviews | 2 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| I5 | Fully burdened annual salary for a Salesforce administrator | Composite | $135,000 | $135,000 | $135,000 | $135,000 |
| It | Training and ongoing technology management | (I1*I2*I3)+(I4*I5) | $602,800 | $956,000 | $1,299,000 | $1,507,000 |
| Risk adjustment | ↑5% | |||||
| Itr | Training and ongoing technology management (risk-adjusted) | $632,940 | $1,003,800 | $1,363,950 | $1,582,350 | |
| Three-year total: $4,583,040 | Three-year present value: $3,861,560 | |||||
Financial Summary
Consolidated Three-Year, Risk-Adjusted Metrics
Cash Flow Chart (Risk-Adjusted)
Cash Flow Analysis (Risk-Adjusted)
| Initial | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Total | Present Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total costs | ($3,966,940) | ($7,828,800) | ($11,023,950) | ($12,922,350) | ($35,742,040) | ($29,903,486) |
| Total benefits | $0 | $19,518,575 | $26,874,263 | $35,147,950 | $81,540,788 | $66,361,469 |
| Net benefits | ($3,966,940) | $11,689,775 | $15,850,313 | $22,225,600 | $45,798,748 | $36,457,983 |
| ROI | 122% | |||||
| Payback | <6 months |
Please Note
The financial results calculated in the Benefits and Costs sections can be used to determine the ROI, NPV, and payback period for the composite organization’s investment. Forrester assumes a yearly discount rate of 10% for this analysis.
These risk-adjusted ROI, NPV, and payback period values are determined by applying risk-adjustment factors to the unadjusted results in each Benefit and Cost section.
The initial investment column contains costs incurred at “time 0” or at the beginning of Year 1 that are not discounted. All other cash flows are discounted using the discount rate at the end of the year. PV calculations are calculated for each total cost and benefit estimate. NPV calculations in the summary tables are the sum of the initial investment and the discounted cash flows in each year. Sums and present value calculations of the Total Benefits, Total Costs, and Cash Flow tables may not exactly add up, as some rounding may occur.
From the information provided in the interviews, Forrester constructed a Total Economic Impact™ framework for those organizations considering an investment in Industry Clouds.
The objective of the framework is to identify the cost, benefit, flexibility, and risk factors that affect the investment decision. Forrester took a multistep approach to evaluate the impact that Industry Clouds can have on an organization.
Due Diligence
Interviewed Salesforce stakeholders and Forrester analysts to gather data relative to Industry Clouds.
Interviews
Interviewed 11 decision-makers at organizations using Industry Clouds to obtain data about costs, benefits, and risks.
Composite Organization
Designed a composite organization based on characteristics of the interviewees’ organizations.
Financial Model Framework
Constructed a financial model representative of the interviews using the TEI methodology and risk-adjusted the financial model based on issues and concerns of the interviewees.
Case Study
Employed four fundamental elements of TEI in modeling the investment impact: benefits, costs, flexibility, and risks. Given the increasing sophistication of ROI analyses related to IT investments, Forrester’s TEI methodology provides a complete picture of the total economic impact of purchase decisions. Please see Appendix A for additional information on the TEI methodology.
Total Economic Impact Approach
Benefits
Benefits represent the value the solution delivers to the business. The TEI methodology places equal weight on the measure of benefits and costs, allowing for a full examination of the solution’s effect on the entire organization.
Costs
Costs comprise all expenses necessary to deliver the proposed value, or benefits, of the solution. The methodology captures implementation and ongoing costs associated with the solution.
Flexibility
Flexibility represents the strategic value that can be obtained for some future additional investment building on top of the initial investment already made. The ability to capture that benefit has a PV that can be estimated.
Risks
Risks measure the uncertainty of benefit and cost estimates given: 1) the likelihood that estimates will meet original projections and 2) the likelihood that estimates will be tracked over time. TEI risk factors are based on “triangular distribution.”
Financial Terminology
Present value (PV)
The present or current value of (discounted) cost and benefit estimates given at an interest rate (the discount rate). The PVs of costs and benefits feed into the total NPV of cash flows.
Net present value (NPV)
The present or current value of (discounted) future net cash flows given an interest rate (the discount rate). A positive project NPV normally indicates that the investment should be made unless other projects have higher NPVs.
Return on investment (ROI)
A project’s expected return in percentage terms. ROI is calculated by dividing net benefits (benefits less costs) by costs.
Discount rate
The interest rate used in cash flow analysis to take into account the time value of money. Organizations typically use discount rates between 8% and 16%.
Payback
The breakeven point for an investment. This is the point in time at which net benefits (benefits minus costs) equal initial investment or cost.
Appendix A
Total Economic Impact
Total Economic Impact is a methodology developed by Forrester Research that enhances a company’s technology decision-making processes and assists solution providers in communicating their value proposition to clients. The TEI methodology helps companies demonstrate, justify, and realize the tangible value of business and technology initiatives to both senior management and other key stakeholders.
Appendix B
Endnotes
1 Total Economic Impact is a methodology developed by Forrester Research that enhances a company’s technology decision-making processes and assists solution providers in communicating their value proposition to clients. The TEI methodology helps companies demonstrate, justify, and realize the tangible value of business and technology initiatives to both senior management and other key stakeholders.
Disclosures
Readers should be aware of the following:
This study is commissioned by Salesforce and delivered by Forrester Consulting. It is not meant to be used as a competitive analysis.
Forrester makes no assumptions as to the potential ROI that other organizations will receive. Forrester strongly advises that readers use their own estimates within the framework provided in the study to determine the appropriateness of an investment in Industry Clouds. For any interactive functionality, the intent is for the questions to solicit inputs specific to a prospect’s business. Forrester believes that this analysis is representative of what companies may achieve with Industry Clouds based on the inputs provided and any assumptions made. Forrester does not endorse Salesforce or its offerings. Although great care has been taken to ensure the accuracy and completeness of this model, Salesforce and Forrester Research are unable to accept any legal responsibility for any actions taken on the basis of the information contained herein. The interactive tool is provided ‘AS IS,’ and Forrester and Salesforce make no warranties of any kind.
Salesforce reviewed and provided feedback to Forrester, but Forrester maintains editorial control over the study and its findings and does not accept changes to the study that contradict Forrester’s findings or obscure the meaning of the study.
Salesforce provided the customer names for the interviews but did not participate in the interviews.
Consulting Team:
Anahita Sultana
Published
August 2026